Pharmacy, as a field of study and practice, has evolved significantly over time. From ancient remedies to modern medications, the development of pharmacy has been influenced by various factors such as cultural beliefs, scientific advancements, and changing societal needs.
Ancient Remedies and Mysticism
In ancient times, pharmacy was primarily associated with religion and mysticism. For example, in ancient Egypt, snake designs were used in hieroglyphs, and in China, dried bodies of snakes were used in traditional Chinese medicine . The Greeks believed that illness was divine punishment and that healing was a spiritual endeavor . Ancient physicians treated the whole person, considering both the body and soul .
Traditional Medicine and Natural Products
Traditional medicine (TM) has played a significant role in the development of pharmacy. TM, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has a long history of using natural products derived from plants and other sources. TM has contributed to the discovery of lead compounds and drug candidates, as well as exploring various characteristics of drugs .
The Rise of Modern Pharmacy
The modern era of pharmacy began in the 1920s when pharmacy education started adopting three and four-year degrees as the standard . This period marked a shift towards a greater professional standing for pharmacists. With advancements in scientific knowledge and technology, pharmacy became more focused on evidence-based medicine and the development of modern medications.
Pharmaceutical Knowledge and Manufacturing
Pharmacy has become a field that encompasses not only the knowledge of medications but also the manufacturing and sale of medicines. The regulation of markets, governance of political subjects, and the ordering of the world of things intersect in the field of pharmacy . Pharmacists play a crucial role in ensuring the safety, efficacy, and appropriate use of medications.